IJIIMS is a peer-reviewed annual journal that publishes full-length papers. it is to enhance the dissemination of knowledge across the multidisciplinary community. We are particularly interested in papers relevant to all disciplines. The core objective of IJIIMS is to publish new knowledge and theories for the benefit of society from academics, researchers, professionals to industry practitioners. It also provides a venue for PhD scholars to submit on-going research and development in these areas. IJIIMS publishes original papers, review papers, conceptual framework, analytical and simulation models, case studies, empirical research, technical notes and book reviews.