The International Journal of Construction & Architecture Innovations has been conceptualized for effective dissemination and promulgation of original research in all fields of Construction and Architecture Innovations. With a relentless pursuit of excellence, it aims at providing immaculate and superior research material, thus fostering the spirit of non-conformity, experimentation and de novo intellection among researchers in different parts of the world. IJCAI strives ardently to present inceptive, innovative and invaluable research developments, both application oriented and theoretical, in all possible domains of Construction and Architecture Innovations to a broad audience of academic researchers and industry practitioners in all major faculties - research and development, management, strategic planning, purchasing, design & styling, marketing, human resources etc. Ingeniousness and research impaction are the main parameters for evaluation of theoretical papers. Applications based on advanced theory and case studies aid in bridging the gap between theory and practice, and are particularly welcome. General approaches, formalisms, algorithms or techniques should be complemented with lucid illustrations allowing easy comprehension and subsequent suitable applicability. Although the main emphasis of IJCAI is on original research papers, theoretical and integrative review articles, book reviews, and high-quality position papers are also published to keep readers up-to-date on the latest ideas, designs, and developments in these allied fields. Special review articles will be granted consideration based on the stage of evolvement of their respective fields. Although there is no restriction on the length of contributions, brevity will always be preferred. Brief articles will merit attention depending on their technical proficiency. Discussions of previously published papers are also welcome. Focus & Scope The focus and scope of International Journal of Construction & Architecture Innovations has been categorized as follows: Construction Advanced Construction Materials Bridge Engineering Building Structure Building Technology Science Budgeting & Cost Engineering Building and Site Layout Surveys Construction Engineering Construction Management Construction Material Handling Construction Specifications Construction Scheduling Construction Estimating Construction Equipment Concrete Structures Carrier Operation Engineering Computer Simulation and CAD/CAE Computational Mechanics Contract Administration Coastal Engineering Cost Control Concrete Mix Design Design of Temporary Structures Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Environmental Concerns Green Building Materials Geological Engineering Geotechnical Engineering Harbor Engineering Hydraulic Engineering Inspection Labor Productivity Monitoring and Control of Structures Materials Procurement On Site Material Testing Planning and Management of the Construction of Structures Production Planning Quality Control Quality Assurance and Quality Control Road and Railway Engineering Reliability and Durability of Structures Safety Engineering Sanitary and Ground Water Engineering Surveying Engineering Seismic Engineering Traditional Construction Materials Transportation Engineering Urban Planning and Design Water Supply and Drainage Engineering Architecture Architectural Engineering Architectural Design and Theories Architecture and Building Materials Architectural Practice Architectural Technology Architectural Culture Architectural Environment and Equipment Engineering Art Design and Landscape Architecture Artistic Practices Building Configuration Business Design Research Construction Technology Computer Applications to Architectural Practice Design Theory Design Programming Design Methods Ecological Architecture Environmental Education for the Public Environment and Behaviour Everyday Building Environmental Evaluation Forecasting for the Environmental Professions History and Theories of Architecture Information Technologies for Design Professionals Post-Occupancy Evaluation Structural Engineering Structural Analysis and Design Social-Impact Assessment Sustainable Architecture Site Planning Information For Readers For Authors For Librarians