Abstract :
The prevalence and structure of parasitic diseases of dogs was studied for the first time in the conditions of Northern TransUrals.
The dynamics of their parasitism was analyzed. The survey of dogs of different gender, age and breed was conductedin
the period from 2002 till 2017. As a result of the research, it was found, that diseases with parasitic etiology were registered in
dogs in 42.5±1.78% of cases. Significant role in the parasitocenosis of dogs is played by mites; among them there is the class
Arachnidas, divided in 2 orders: Acariformes(Otodectescynotis, Sarcoptescanis, DemodexÑanis,Cheyletiellajasguri) and
Parasitiformes(Ixodespersulcatus, Dermacentermarginatus,Dermacenterreticulatus).As a result of the study, we obtained
information about the seasonality of otodectosisin dogs; during the study period, this disease was diagnosed in 26.1 ± 1.25% of
cases. The peak of otodectosis falls on the summer period - 58.33%, and the decline - for the winter period - 0.78%. The analysis
showed, that the greatest peak of invasion in dogs was observed in July - 19.44%, in August - 27.78%, and in September -
19.13%. Sarcoptic mange was diagnosed in 16.4 ± 0.97% of cases. The peak of sarcoptic mange falls on the spring-summer
period - 21.15%, and the decline - for the winter period - 0.57%. Demodecosis of dogs was diagnosed in 38.68 ± 1.32% of cases.
The highest peak of invasion was observed in May - 10.7%, and in August - 17.2%. Among the short-haired dogs, demodectic
invasion occurred in 51.1% of cases, and in long-haired dogs –in 48.9% of cases. In addition, scaly and mixed forms of
demodicosis were diagnosed more often in short-haired animals;pustular and mixed forms - in long-haired animals. The analysis
of parasitizing of ixodid ticks showed, that Ixodespersulcatus was revealed in 30.7 ± 1.02% of cases, Dermacentermarginatus–in
12.7±0.22% of cases, and Dermacenterreticulatus– in 56.6±1.36% of cases. Seasonal activity of ixodid ticks is very high: in
spring - Ixodespersulcatus (from April to the first ten days of June), Dermacentermarginatus and Dermacenterreticulatus (from
May to mid-June) and in autumn (from August to the end of September). The amount of ixodids in the biotope is directly
dependent on fluctuations in the ambient temperature; the most comfortable range is from + 10°C to + 22°C.
Keywords: dogs, parasites, mites (ticks), biology, modern urban environment, ecological epidemiology, otodectosis,
demodecosis, sarcoptic mange, cheyletiellosis, ixodid ticks, acaricides.
Keyword :
dogs, parasites, mites (ticks), biology, modern urban environment, ecological epidemiology, otodectosis, demodecosis, sarcoptic mange, cheyletiellosis, ixodid ticks, acaricides.