Abstract :
Abstract The bee is the most important pollinator in the world. Threats to the health of bees continue to increase worldwide, contributing to the decline in their productivity. Bees are susceptible to a huge variety of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and mites. This work aimed to present a compilation of the main parasitic, bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases of bees in Portugal, describing the etiological agents involved, their pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and control. The implementation of sanitary measures and good management practices is fundamental for the prevention and control of diseases and constitutes one of the main challenges of modern beekeeping.
Keyword :
Keywords: Apicultural pathology, Bee health, Beekeeping, Apis mellifera