Abstract :
Background: Diabetes is a systemic disease with several complications affecting both the length and quality of life. One of these complications is periodontal disease (periodontitis). The periodontal diseases are considered as the “sixth complication of diabetes mellitus”. The results of this study indicate the presence of a significant relationship between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus.
Materials and Methods: A total of 155 periodontitis patients with diabetes mellitus and 137 periodontitis patients without diabetes mellitus were selected for the study. Hs-CRP (High sensitivity C – Reactive Protein), Adipokines, HbA1c, and Fasting Blood sugar levels were compared with 160 healthy non-diabetics; non-periodontitis (control) subjects.
FBS (Fasting Blood sugar) & HbA1c were done by semi auto-analyzer diagnostic kit and Adipokines by ELISA method (Kit method) and Hs-CRP (High sensitivity C - Reactive Protein) was estimated by Immunoturbidimetric method. For this study newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic and periodontitis patients were selected.
Results: FBS and HbA1c in both study groups were higher than that in control group. Statistical analysis showed that periodontitis with at least one tooth that displayed a probing pocket depth of > or = 6mm was significantly associated with higher blood sugar (P=0.005) and positive correlations are found between mean periodontal disease and HbA1c (P = 0.009). Adipokines, HbA1c, Hs-CRP (High sensitivity C - Reactive Protein), and periodontal parameters have significant role in periodontitis with diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion: The link between periodontal disease and type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been suggested through a number of clinical and epidemiological studies. Many studies have shown that the prevalence and severity of periodontitis is increased in the presence of diabetes mellitus. Thus, diabetes is considered to be a risk factor for gingivitis and periodontitis.
Keyword :
Periodontitis, Diabetes mellitus, HsCRP, adipokines