Abstract :
Rationale: Progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has a considerable effect on heart function including pulmonary hypertension, cor-pulmonale, Right and Left sided heart dysfunction. As COPD and heart failure (HF) share a common clinical feature, delay in diagnosis is associated with increased mortality. We aimed to study the incidence of heart failure in patients with COPD exacerbation.
Materials and Methods: 142 patients were enrolled for study. It is a cross-sectional comparative study. We categorized exacerbation into two groups: respiratory failure and non-failure group. Patients were staged by spirometry after stabilization. Echocardigraphic evaluation and BNP levels were measured along with routine investigations.
Result: The mean age of the study group was 63.53±9.021. The overall incidence of heart failure in exacerbation of COPD patients in our study group was 33.09%(n=47). Incidence of HF was 50.6%(n=41) patients in the respiratory failure group and 9.8%(n=6) in non-respiratory failure group respectively. Right sided heart failure was recorded in 82.92% of case in group one whereas in group two 66.66% had left ventricular dysfunction.
Conclusion: Our study concludes that overall incidence of heart failure in COPD exacerbation is 33.09%. Respiratory failure complicates heart failure and hence the incidence increases. Severe stages of disease are associated with Right sided heart failure more frequently.
Keyword :
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Heart failure (HF), Respiratory failure (RF), Nonrespiratory failure (NRF).