Abstract :
Introduction: In the modern world, the growing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a critical problem. In type 2 DM, abnormal lipid profile in the postprandial state has more significance than abnormal lipid profile in fasting state in causing atherosclerotic complications. The high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in type2 DM are due to prolonged postprandial hyperglycemia and triglyceridemia. Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia results in a proatherogenic environment which leads to atherosclerosis and macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is believed that atherosclerosis is a postprandial phenomenon with respect to lipids, as we are in the postprandial state for most of the day.It is not clearly known whether diabetic patients with macrovascular disease have greater abnormalities of postprandial TG metabolism than those without.Hence this study is being carried out to find out the characteristics of post prandial lipid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and itsimpact on macrovascular complications.
Objective: To study fasting & postprandial lipid abnormality in type 2 DM patients in comparison to controls.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, wherein written informed consent was taken after giving detailed information to the participants regarding the study. Patients who were in the age group of 35-65 years, admitted in the Department of Medicine, RRMCH from November 2017 for next 18 months with Diabetes Mellitus who met a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were studied. The study was initiated after obtaining clearance from the institution's ethical committee.
Results: There was a significant elevation of mean values of total serum cholesterol, LDL and TG of cases and controls in the postprandial state compared to their fasting state, statistical significance was found (P
Conclusion: Patients on irregular treatment (63%) were more in the study group(cases) compared to controls. So it could be said that patient not on regular treatment are more prone to have dyslipidemia. (fasting as well as postprandial). There was a significant increase in total serum cholesterol, LDL and TG in postprandial states of cases compared to that in controls, so it could be said that diabetic patients with fasting dyslipidemia are more prone to have dyslipidemia in the postprandial state. This study concluded that all macrovascular complications (IHD, CVA, PVD) were found more in the case compared to controls with statistical significance. So it could be said that there is an increase in the occurrence of macrovascular complications with an increase in postprandial dyslipidemia.
Keyword :
T2DM, IHD, CVA, PVD, LDL, TG, Total Cholesterol.