Abstract :
Context: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in the world after breast cancer and is the most common gynecological cancer in the developing countries. Pap Smear is a simple and cost effective screening tests for early diagnosis of premalignant and malignant cervical lesions.
Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the spectrum of cervical pap smear cytology in a tertiary hospital. The reporting of the pap smear was based on 2014 Bethesda system
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective two year study done in a tertiary Hospital in TSM Hospital from June 2016 to June 2018. All Pap smears received from women were included in our study. Total of 450 pap smears were stained by conventional papanicolaou technique and reported by Bethesda system 2014.
Results: Out of 450 cases, 411 cases (91.3%) were reported as negative for intraepithelial lesion/malignancy, 31 cases (6.9%) were showing epithelial cell abnormality and 8 cases (1.7%) were unsatisfactory. In negative for intraepithelial lesion cases, 4 cases (0.9%) were atrophic smears, 357 cases (79.3%) were inflammatory and the remaining 50 cases (11.1%) were showing no other changes. In inflammatory cases 53 cases(11.7%)showed presence of microorganisms. 31 cases showing an intraepithelial lesion - 15 cases(3.3%) were ASCUS, 3 cases (0.6%) were AGUS, 6 cases (1.2%) were LSIL, 4 cases(0.8%) of ASC-H ,2 cases(0.4%) were HSIL and one case(0.2%) of squamous cell carcinoma cervix.
Conclusion: Premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix are common and can be diagnosed early by conventional PAP smears.
Key message: Conventional pap smears are essential not only to diagnose premalignant lesions but also to identify the infectious etiologies and guide proper treatment.
Keyword :
PAP smear, Malignant, Premalignant, Bethesda system.