Abstract :
In world history, Socrates and Aristotle are considered
the first great philosophers and thinkers. However, the
Siddharth Guatam Buddha is first original thinker and
scientist in the world. According to Kalama Sutta, Buddha
said, “Do not believe in anything simply because you have
heard it. Do not believe in anything simply because it is
spoken and rumored by many. Do not believe in anything
simply because it is found written in your religious books.
Do not believe in anything merely on the authority of your
teachers and elders. Do not believe in traditions because
they have been handed down for many generations. But
after observation and analysis, when you find that anything
agrees with reason and is conducive to the good and benefit
of one and all, then accept it and live up to it.” This is first
of its kind statement in the world history for fellow human
beings to investigate and study to find out the solution of
problem. He himself investigate the suffering thoroughly
and analyzed various factors associated with it. Causal
association of suffering was established through removing
one by one in his experiment over a period of 6 years. Once
he was certain that solution is found, he declared that
that can be used by anybody who wish to achieve relief
from suffering. According to him, every being should be
skeptical to accept things and should he or she investigate
the reasons. This helps in removing the ignorance which
the basic cause of craving leading to suffering. Buddha said
in the Anguttara nikaya: first noble truth (idam dukkham ti
pannapemi ayam) i.e., life is suffering; second noble truth
(dukkha samudayo ti pannapemi) i.e., there is a cause
of suffering; third noble truth (ayam dukkha nirodho ti
pannapemi) i.e., cessation of suffering is attainable and
achievable; and fourth noble truth Eight fold path (ayam
dukkha nirodha gamini patipadati pannapemi) i.e., there
is path to the cessation of suffering.
Keyword :
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