Abstract :
Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a
standalone network capable of autonomous operation
where nodes communicate with each other without the
need of any existing infrastructure. Mobile ad hoc networks
consist of nodes that cooperate to provide connectivity and
are free to move and organize randomly. Every node is
router or an end host, in general autonomous and should be
capable of routing traffic as destination nodes sometimes
might be out of range. Nodes are mobile since topology is
very dynamic and they have limited energy and computing
resources. These nodes are often vulnerable to failure thus
making mobile ad hoc networks open to threats and
attacks. Communication in MANET relies on mutual trust
between the participating nodes but the features of
MANET make this hard. Nodes sometimes fail to transmit
and start dropping packets during the transmission. Such
nodes are responsible for untrustworthy routing. Nodes
should also be considered for sufficient energy levels to
make transmission. A secured scheme can be used to
track these untrustworthy nodes and isolate them from
routing, thus provide trustworthiness. In this paper a
secured and energy based AODV (SE-AODV) protocol is
presented which implements a message digest algorithm
for every transmission. Energy is introduced and nodes are
considered for routing only if they have energy level higher
than the threshold (Average energy value of nodes
considered for routing). The SE-AODV increases PDR and
decreases delay thereby enhancing the QoS metrics and
trustworthiness in AODV based MANET routing. The
work is implemented and simulated on NS-2. The
simulation result shows the proposed SE-AODV provides
more trustworthy routing compared with general AODV.
Keyword :
Ad-hoc, MANET, AODV, SE-AODV, Trust, Qos