Abstract :
Aims: To identify the role of body mass index (BMI) and Blood pressure (BP) on Intraocular pressure (IOP) in elder population.
Materials and Methods: Totally 50 elderly individuals without any systemic diseases were included and IOP was measured by tonometer. Total subjects divided into 3 groups based on BMI as: Group1 with BMI 25 and Group 2 with BMI ? 30. Mean and standard deviation of IOP, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were statistically analysed.
Results: Out of a total of 50 Subjects, 23 (46%) subjects had normal weight, 15(30%) subjects were overweight and 10 (20%) subjects were obese. Mean age of 56.5 ± 9.5 and 56.2 ± 9.4 years in male and females (p=145). Mean BMI of 25.8 ± 3.9 and 26.4 ± 4.2 kg/m2 in male and females. SBP of 135.8 ± 20.4 and 128.4 ± 21.5 mmHg in male and female (p=0.02). Mean DBP of 78.5 ± 10.5 and 81.4 ± 10.5 mmHg in male and female (p=0.04). Mean CCT of right eye was 515.5 ± 31.2 and 510.2 ± 28.8 mm in
male and females respectively (p=0.03). Mean IOP of right eye was 15.6 ± 2.2 and 14.9 ± 2 mm Hg in male and females respectively (p=0.25). Mean CCT of left eye was 520.4 ± 27.5 and 515.2 ± 28.5 mm in male and females respectively (p=0.03). Mean IOP of left eye was 15.1 ± 2.2 and 14.9 ± 2.1 mm Hg in male and females respectively (p=0.12). The mean IOP of right eye is highest in the overweight and obese age groups. The mean SBP is highest in the overweight and obese age groups. The mean DBP is highest in the overweight and obese age group. Hence, increase in BMI results in non-significant increase in IOP and
BP as age increases in normal BMI subjects. For obese Subjects, there was positive correlation between the BMI, age, IOP, SBP and DBP. Increase in BMI resulted in increase in IOP, increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure respectively with increase in age.
Conclusion: Results showed positive correlation relationship between BMI and intra-ocular pressure, BMI and blood pressure and BMI and age in obese population. It indicate that subjects with higher BMI have lower ocular blood flow. Results suggest that IOP increases with increasing age and increasing BMI.
Periodic checking of IOP in elderly and overweight individuals can play an important role in reducing the morbidity due to glaucoma.
Keyword :
Body mass index, Glaucoma, Intraocular pressure, Obesity.