Author :
Prof. Saima Khan,Igor Smirnov
Volume :
1
Issue :
2
Abstract :
Abstract Racial profiling, the practice of targeting individuals based on their race or ethnicity for suspicion of criminal activity, remains a contentious issue in criminal justice systems worldwide. This paper critically analyzes existing social science research on racial profiling, examining its methodologies, findings, and limitations. We explore the various theoretical frameworks used to explain profiling, including implicit bias, differential offending, and enforcement discretion.The analysis evaluates the effectiveness of different research methods, such as observational studies, traffic stop data analysis, and surveys, in capturing the nuances of profiling practices and their impact. We critically examine the concept of "effectiveness" in profiling, considering both its stated aim of crime reduction and its unintended consequences, such as erosion of trust and I ncreased social stratification.