Abstract :
Cancer is a dreadful disease of mankind, the treatment for cancer is not revealed as per expectation. The
illuminating way come out with understanding and grab the molecular alteration in cell. Therefore, miRNAs is a
novel notation for procurement of cancer. MicroRNAs are small, highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules
involved in the regulation of gene expression. MicroRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerases II and III which
forms precursors that undergoes series of cleavage to form mature microRNA. There are two types of biogenesis
pathways, one nuclear and one cytoplasmic. However there are some alternative biogenesis pathways exist that
differ from conventional pathway in the number of cleavage events and enzymes responsible. The mechanism of
sorting of microRNA precursors to the different pathways is unclear but it can be determined by the site of origin, its
sequence and thermodynamic stability. The regulatory functions of microRNAs are able through the RNA-induced
silencing complex (RISC). The regulation level of miRNAs in cell i.e. up regulation and down regulation, leads to
cancer. In this review, highlighted the role of miRNAs in physiological way and explain the molecular mechanism
involved in development of cancer.
Key words:MicroRNA, Cancer, RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), RNA polymerases II and III.
Keyword :
MicroRNA, Cancer, RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), RNA polymerases II and III.