Abstract :
Periodontal diseases consists of a wide range of inflammatory conditions which causes degeneration of
Periodontium and affects all supporting structures of teeth such as gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum
and alveolar bone etc. followed by teeth loss. WHO had reported about 10-15% of the world population is
suffering from severe periodontal condition. It is complex infectious disease caused by aggressive microbial
growth on teeth. The main aim of this study is to provide systemic update on periodontal disease regarding
its stages, occurrence, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and management. The pathophysiology of
periodontal disease is associated with dental plaque, microbial biofilm formation and immunogenicity of
the host cell. The severity of this disease depends upon risk factors and chronological stages. Prevention is
attained by daily maintenance of oral hygiene. Various surgical and non-surgical treatments are available
to control the formation of microbial biofilm. Daily maintenance and periodic management of this disease
control worsening of condition and shows definite improvement in oral health.
Keyword :
Gingivitis, Oral health, Risk factor, Treatments.