Abstract :
Objective: To determine the prevalence, structure, and clinical characteristics of comorbid conditions in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in order to optimize diagnostic and treatment strategies. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among 1,220 patients (705 men [57.8%], 515 women [42.2%]) at the Republican Specialized Scientific-Practical Medical Center of Cardiology (Tashkent). • Mean age: 62.01 ± 9.83 years (men: 60.50 ± 10.04, women: 64.08 ± 9.14). • Age range: 18 to 90 years. • Inclusion criteria: confirmed CVD (stable angina, hypertension, CHF) and comorbidities (T2DM, CKD, COPD, previous COVID19), with informed consent. • Control group: 214 patients (17.5%) with isolated CVD. • Study group: 1,006 patients (82.5%) with comorbidities. • Diagnoses were established according to clinical guidelines. Results: • Comorbidity was found in 82.5% of patients with CVD. • The most frequent combinations were: o CVD + COPD (18.0%)—especially in age groups 45–59 (18.6%, p = 0.029) and 60–74 (18.7%, p = 0.026) o CVD + T2DM (15.2% in ages 45–59), declining to 10.2% in those over 75 o CVD + CKD peaked in ages 60–74 (13.8%, p = 0.048). Conclusion: Comorbid conditions in CVD patients demonstrate clear age and sex differences. The combinations of CVD with COPD and T2DM are most prevalent among middle-aged and elderly individuals, while CKD is more common in those aged 60–74. Men are more susceptible to CVD + COPD + CKD, whereas women more often suffer from CVD + T2DM + CKD.
Keyword :
Cardiovascular diseases, Comorbidity, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Chronic kidney disease, Arterial hypertension.