Abstract :
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are among the most common congenital anomalies, arising from the incomplete closure of the neural tube during embryogenesis. These defects can lead to severe conditions such as anencephaly, spina bifida, and encephalocele, significantly impacting fetal morbidity and mortality. This case series presents four distinct instances of NTDs diagnosed during the second trimester of pregnancy: occipito meningoencephalocele, fetal acrania, Arnold-Chiari malformation type II, and semilobar prosencephaly. The series highlights the complexities of managing pregnancies complicated by NTDs, where medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) was the outcome in each case due to the poor prognosis associated with these conditions. Despite the well-established preventive benefits of folic acid supplementation, NTDs continue to occur, warranting the need for ongoing public health efforts to promote folic acid intake and improve prenatal care. These cases demonstrate that, while early diagnosis allows for informed decision-making, further research is needed to enhance preventive strategies and improve outcomes for those affected by NTDs.
Keyword :
Neural tube defects, Prenatal diagnosis, Occipito meningoencephalocele, Fetal acrania arnold-chiari malformation, Semilobar prosencephaly.