Abstract :
Breakthroughs in nanotechnology has broadened our views of health issues that are poorly understood and
provided innovative means of identification and treatment modalities. Biofilms are considered the root cause of most
common dental and periodontal disease affecting the human race. Since ancient times, methods to prevent and tackle
them have been devised, discussed, and implemented. However, exploration of improved tools and techniques are in
constant need and could be met with ever-increasing scope of Nanotechnology that opens up new opportunities for
progress in medical fields. However, the potential application of nanoparticles in existing therapeutic modalities in
the field of dentistry has met with moderate success. The key implementations in the field of dentistry include
restorative materials, local drug delivery agents, bone graft materials, and implant surface modifications. The
placement of dental implants are biologically and physiologically more stable than previously used implants and
speed up the recovery period. A lot of improvement in dental care is possible through new diagnostic and therapeutic
techniques, pharmacologic approaches and the development of new advanced restorative materials. Tissue
engineering and stem cell research in dentistry have potential applications in treating bone augmentation, orofacial
fractures, periodontal ligament regeneration, cartilage regeneration of the temporomandibular joint, pulp repair, and
implant osseointegration. This paper provides detailed insights about current developments in the field of dentistry,
the novel materials and techniques that have been developed for disease diagnosis, prevention, rehabilitation, and
pulp/ periodontal regeneration.
Keyword :
nanotechnology, dentistry, diagnosis, drug delivery systems, bone grafts, dental implants.