Abstract :
Background: This retrospective observational study was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology department from 1st January 2022 to 31st December 2023 to assess the impact of preventive low-dose aspirin on the incidence of pre-eclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) before 16 weeks of gestation. Aspirin's potential to lower the incidence of IUGR was the main goal; assessing its effect on PE was the secondary goal.Materials and Methods: Data from 1170 women was analyzed, excluding twin pregnancies and fetal anomalies, yielding a sample size of 1148. First-trimester screening was performed on 732 patients, identifying 179 high-risk women for PE and 210 high-risk women for IUGR. A total of 171 high-risk women took aspirin for PE prevention, and 33 low-risk women took aspirin due to prior history or IVF conception.Results: Of the 171 women who took aspirin in the high-risk group, 135 (78.9%) did not develop IUGR, while 36 (21.1%) did. Of those in the low-risk group, 27 (81.8%) did not develop IUGR, whereas 6 (18.2%) did. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups, according to the p-value of 0.709. Three (1.8%) high-risk women experienced early-onset PE, while none in the low-risk group experienced it (p=0.443). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of late-onset PE between the low-risk group's 3 (9.1%) and high-risk group's 21 (12.3%) cases.Conclusion: The study concludes that low-dose aspirin administered before 16 weeks does not significantly reduce the incidence of IUGR or PE, including early or late-onset PE, in either high or low-risk groups. Further research and individualized clinical decisions are recommended when considering aspirin for preventing these complications.
Keyword :
Low-dose aspirin, Intrauterine growth restriction, Pre-eclampsia, prophylactic treatment, Pregnancy complications.