Abstract :
Commercial lures and traps have recently become available for monitoring fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata. Experiments were made in the laboratory to evaluating the attractiveness of some plant extracts and plant oils (Natural odour materials) against medfly Ceratitis capitate (Wied) using a simple Olfactometer.
The Guava, Melon, Mango, Banana, Apricot and Orange extracts (5, 10 and 25% concentrations) were used. Guava, Mango and Banana extracts were the highest attracted to adults of medfly at (5, 10 and 25%) concentrations of extracts. The best day for attracted flies was the fifth day when the flies were highly attracted
Anise, Cinnamon, Cloves, Camphor and Flaxseed oils were used. Cloves, Cinnamon and Anise oils (10.25%, 8.13% and 7.61%) were good to attracted medfly at the concentrations (5%), while Cloves, Anise and Cinnamon oils (13.45%, 5.78% and 3.93 %) were good to attracted at the concentrations (10%). The (25%) concentration was the least efficient lures, lowest to attract medfly (2.67%, 2.43%, 1.51%) for Anise, Cloves and Cinnamon oils, respectively. Camphor and Flaxseed oils had a repellent effect and the fifth day was good in attracted medfly.
Three good attracted fruit extracts (Guava, Mango and Banana) for medfly were also evaluated with added Piyrothroid or Imidacloprid insecticides both separately to the fruit extracts and calculated the percentage of attracted and mortality of medfly. The results of this study clarifies that the Guava extract was the best to attracted medfly (21.62%) while the percentage of mortality was (19.08%) with added Piyrothroid. Whilst, when added Imidacloprid insecticide the percentage of attracted medfly decreased, it was (7.93%) with Guava extract. A good percentage of mortality medfly was with Mango and Imidacloprid insecticide (8.07%). Results of the present study suggest that the plant extracts with insecticides can be an effective tool in integrated pest management programs for the control of fruit flies.
Keyword :
Ceratitzs capitata, olfactometer, Imidacloprid, methyl eugenol