Abstract :
Diabetic retinopathy is a disorder where the perfusion of the retina may be affected owing to the microvascular changes taking place in the retinal blood vessels due to hypergycemia. D-dimer level has been used as a biomarker of hypercoagulability and fibrinolytic activity since it is a product of fibrin degradation. D-dimer level (as a marker of coagulation cascade/fibrinolysis activation) assessment in type 1 and type 2 diabetics and its correlation with diabetic retinopathy stages have shown positive correlation. The findings in present study endorse the view that Elevated D dimer levels in severe forms of diabetic retinopathy. 26.9% patients with D dimer values more than 1000 have had severe NPDR to proliferative diabetic retinopathy, while 80% patients with normal values have shown to have no diabetic changes in fundus. Poor glycemic control (>6.5%) becomes a strong predictor for occurrence of severe form of diabetic retinopathy. 92.3% patients have shown the same. Hence, this study showed a positive correlation between increased blood sugar levels, elevated glyco Hb levels and severity of diabetic retinopathy. Hence, prompt understanding and treatment of hyperglycemia may prevent complications of diabetic retinopathy. The levels of Plasma D dimer is higher in type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with microangiopathy. D-dimer is an important marker for thrombus formation hence may play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy. Prophlylactic anticoagulant therapy and strict diabetic control can help in halting the progression of diabetic retinopathy.
Keyword :
Diabetic retinopathy, D Dimer, Glycosylated hemoglobin.