Abstract :
Objective: In genetically diabetes-prone populations, maternal diabetes during pregnancy increases the risk of their children developing diabetes and obesity (the vicious cycle of type 2 diabetes). Fetal hyperinsulinemia at birth acts as a marker of this risk. The objective of this study is to find out whether cord blood leptin concentrations are increased in offspring of mothers with type 2 and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to evaluate gender differences if any, in their levels.
Materials and Methods: Cord Serum Leptin measured by ELISA: 1. Cord Blood from 40 babies (20M, 20F) born to GDM Mothers. 2: Cord Blood from 20 babies (9M, 11F) born to Type 2 DM Mothers. 3. Cord Blood from 30 babies (15M, 15F) born to Non Diabetic Mothers.
Results: Babies born to mothers with both type 2 diabetes and GDM had higher birth weight. They also had higher Leptin concentrations [ng/ml] compared to Controls; Leptin concentrations in Type 2 Diabetes -Mean [42.32 24.09], in GDM – Mean [40.31 22.71] & in Control subjects – Mean [23.87 15.48]. Birth weight of the female babies were also higher than that of male babies.Leptin concentrations were not significantly higher in the female babies in comparison to the male babies.
Conclusion: High cord leptin, birth weight and ponderal index (kilograms per cm), in babies born to Type 2 diabetes and GDM mothers.
Keyword :
Leptin, Ponderal Index, Type2 DM, GDM