Abstract :
Background: Drug resistant tuberculosis is a major threat to TB elimination activities. In our study, we address the clinical, socio-demographic profile, drug sensitivity pattern and treatment outcome of drug resistant TB patients.
Materials and Methods: A record based cross sectional study was conducted in 77 Drug Resistant TB cases registered for standardized treatment at a tertiary care centre in South India from January 2012 to December 2019. The clinical, socio-demographic, radiological characteristics, drug sensitivity pattern and treatment outcome of these patients were recorded.
Results: 51 were males and 26 were females. 31 (40.3%) were diabetic, 30 (39%) were tobacco users, 12 (15.6%) were health care workers, 40 (52%) had low BMI and 4 (5.2%) were HIV-TB. 66 (85.7%) showed resistance to isoniazid, 62 (80.5%) to rifampicin, 8 (10.4%) to ethambutol, 9 (11.7%) to Fluoroquinolones, 2 (2.6%) to Second Line Injectables and 6 (7.8%) to Streptomycin. Treatment outcomes were as follows: cured 41 (61%), treatment completed 2 (2.6%), failure 2 (2.6%), lost to follow up 9 (11.7%), regimen changed 3 (3.9%), died 11 (14.3%), not evaluated 2 (2.6%) and treatment stopped due to adverse drug reactions 1 (1.3%). Unfavourable treatment outcomes were associated with low BMI, previous ATT and fluoroquinolone resistance.
Conclusion: More than half of the patients had favourable treatment outcomes. Low BMI, previous ATT and fluoroquinolone resistance were factors associated with poor outcomes.
Keyword :
Drug resistant, Tuberculosis, Standardized, Regimen, Outcome, MDR TB