Abstract :
Climate change is the most severe challenge that affects country’s development in 21st century. It is one of the major threats to humankind and affects many sectors like forestry, agriculture, environment and human lives as well. Climate change has brought about severe and possibly permanent alterations to our planet’s geological, biological and ecological systems. Climate change will probably increase the risk of food insecurity for some vulnerable groups, such as the poor. The croplands, pastures and forests that occupy approximately 60 per cent of the earth’s surface are progressively being exposed to threats from increased climatic variability. As climatic patterns change, there comes change in the distribution of agro-ecological zones, habitats, distribution patterns of plant diseases and pests, fish populations and ocean circulation patterns which can have significant impact on agriculture and food production. Climate change already affects agriculture and food security and if no urgent actions are taken, will put millions of people at risk of hunger and poverty. The expected effects of climate change – higher temperatures, more frequent extreme weather events, water shortages, rising sea levels, ocean acidification, land degradation, ecosystems disruption and biodiversity loss could seriously compromise agriculture’s ability to feed themost vulnerable, thus impeding progress towards the eradication of hunger, malnutrition and poverty (FAO, 2016).
Keyword :
Climate smart agriculture, approach, transforming, reorienting agricultural development