Abstract :
Introduction: Bloodstream infections (BSI) remain one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality. Microorganisms present in circulating blood result in serious sequelae like shock, DIC, and death. Blood culture is a vital tool for their detection. Drug sensitivity patterns help in rationalizing the treatment. The present study was undertaken to determine the bacterial profile & resistance patterns in our hospital.
Aim: To study the bacterial isolates and their resistance patterns from blood cultures.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from August 2019 to January 2020 in the Dept. of Microbiology, KIMS, Amalapuram. Blood samples were collected from clinically suspected patients with aseptic techniques, processed, isolated and identified according to standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was done according to Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.
Results: A total of 57 pathogens were isolated from 380 suspected patients of BSI. Gram-negative bacilli (52.7%) (GNB) were predominant organisms isolated followed by Gram-positive cocci (47.3%) (GPC).Staphylococcus aureus (20) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (19) were the predominant pathogens isolated. Among GPC, S.aureus was highly resistant to Penicillin (85%), Ampicillin (85%), Amoxyclav (75%), and Ciprofloxacin (50%). All Staphylococcal species were sensitive to Methicillin, Vancomycin, Linezolid. Among GNB, Klebsiella exhibited high resistance to Cefixime (95%), Amoxyclav (84%), Ceftazidime (79%). Among 30 GNB, 12(40%) were ESBL producers. Most of the GNB were sensitive to Imipenem.
Conclusion: Appropriate treatment of BSI should be based on the current knowledge of local bacterial resistance patterns of the hospital. Hence this kind of study will help in formulating management guidelines and antibiotic policy.
Keyword :
Bloodstream infections, Bacteriological profile, Resistance patterns, Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion, antibiotic therapy