Abstract :
Bacterial biofilm formation, which causes serious problems in the
field of health, is an important threat because it increases morbidity
and mortality and therefore creates heavy economic pressure on
the health sector. Biofilms are aggregations of microorganisms
embedded in an extracellular matrix of their own production.
Bacteria living in biofilms are more resistant to antibiotics,
chemicals or disinfectants than bacteria in planktonic form. There
are various mechanisms for this resistance of biofilms to antibiotics,
such as the complex and heterogeneous matrix structure of the
biofilm, the expression of efflux pumps, horizontal gene transfer
and quorum sensing. It also provides protection against the host’s
immune system cells. In this review, the characteristics and
antibiotic resistance mechanisms of bacterial biofilm-associated
chronic infections were investigated. New therapeutic options are
needed to prevent and control biofilm-associated infections. This
review focuses on important new strategies for the prevention of
biofilm-associated bacterial infections.
Keyword :
Biofilms, Antibiotic Resistance, Quorum Sensing