Abstract :
Background: Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) are a spectrum of lesions occurs as sequelae of pregnancy and it included non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions in varied proportions. Multi system approach is warranted to diagnose GTD and studies proposes that clinico-pathological correlation aids in effective diagnosis of GTD in conjunction with ultrasonographic studies.
Aim: To analyze the incidence of GTD, clinical characteristics, histopathological evaluation with an attempt to study clinico-radio-pathological correlations in different forms of gestational trophoblastic diseases
Methodology: The study was conducted in Department of Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute, Puducherry from duration between 2014 to 2019 for a period of 6 years as a Quantitative observational and analytical study including all abnormal cases of gestational related histopathological specimens (Products of conception, evacuation, hysterectomy) referred to the laboratory from clinical side The clinical details including patients obstetric history, biochemical parameters like hCG levels, ultrasound findings, etc. were documented to attempt correlation
Results: The study analysed 160 cases and showed hydatidiform mole (130 cases) was the common GTD followed by choriocarcinoma (13 cases)and Placental site trophoblastic tumour (17 cases). Beta HCG was the sensitive marker in predicting GTD. Clinico-pathological correlation proved to be significant in directing the clinicians for planning treatment
Conclusion: Any pregnant women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding should be evaluated for underling presence of any GTD. Histopathological evaluation stays as gold standard procedure whereas ultrasonography is significant in detecting GTD lesions preoperatively thereby aids clinicians in proper planning of treatments.
Keyword :
Gestational Trophoblastic diseases, Mole, Histopathology, Ultrasonography choriocarcinoma.