Abstract :
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent in AIDS has been a challenge
to medical fraternity from the time since it was first discovered in 1983. About 40 million people are
living with HIV infection globally and 99% of the infected people are in South East Asia (ESA). Close
monitoring of HIV infected patients is essential in reducing the morbidity and mortality of HIV patients.
The monitoring HIV disease progression & deciding the time to initiate anti retro viral therapy requires
evaluation of T CD4 cell counts and HIV/RNA viral load at regular intervals along with monitoring of
biochemical parameters and hematological parameters in HIV Seropositive patients.
Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate some biochemical parameters and hematological
parameters in newly diagnosed HIV seropositive patients (primary stage).
Materials and Methods: A total of 300 newly diagnosed HIV patients and 200 age and sex matched
healthy individuals as control were tested for CBC, lipid profile, renal function tests, liver function tests,
electrolytes and some minerals (copper, zinc, iron). Our observations were subjected to statistical analysis
Mean ± standard deviation calculated. Comparison was done by student t-test.
Results: HIV positive patients had significantly (p
count (3.99 ± 0.75) compared with HIV negative subjects with Hb (12.52 ± 1.21), RBC count (5.08 ±
0.42). We observed a decrease in total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, and an increase
in triglyceride and VLDL levels. HIV patients increasingly require careful monitoring and evaluation for
altered renal function, to prevent co morbidities of treatment and non-treatment related nephrotoxicity. In
this study patients with HIV showed significant increase in the mean serum copper level when compared
with the control subjects respectively, zinc and iron levels significantly decreased compared with normal
subjects.
Conclusion: It was concluded in the present study that, hematological manifestations of the HIV infection
are complication associated with the disease, anaemia being a very common finding. This complications
are not related to age or the sex of the patients. The lipid profile of the patients is also seen to be altered by
the disease process. Decreased Lipid levels are more pronounced in anemic groups than non-anemic group.
Keyword :
Hematological parameters, Anemia HIV positive patients.