Abstract :
COPD is a major cause of morbidity and one of the predominant causes of the death across the world,
characterised by a worsening in the patient’s respiratory symptoms which is beyond normal day-to-day
variations and eventually leads to a change in the medication. Causative agents for the exacerbation includes
factors such as viruses, bacteria and common pollutants.
Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted from sputum samples received from
551diagnosed cases of AECOPD to the department of microbiology KIMS Hubli.
Result: Out of 551 patient’s sputum samples, 335(60.79%) were Males and 216 (39.20%) were females.
The total number of positive isolates were 51.17%. Among the 282 positive isolates, 280 were Monomicrobial
(99.3%) and 2 were Polymicrobial (0.7%). Among 282 isolates, Gram Negative Bacilli were
263 (93.26%) and Gram Positive Cocci were 19 (6.74%) Among the total isolates Klebsiella pneumoniae
116 (41.13%) was the predominant isolate followed by Escherichia coli 63 (22.34%), Pseudomonas
aeruginosa 28(9.93%), Citrobacter species 26 (9.22%), NFGNB 25 (8.87%), Enterobacter species 5
(1.79%), Staphylococcus aureus 16 (5.67%), CONS 2(0.7%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae 1(0.35%).
51(43.96%) of the Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were found to be ESBL producers. In case of gram
positive organisms, 2(12.5%) were methicillin resistant.
Conclusion: This study shows that Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are the commonest
organisms associated with acute exacerbation of COPD. A high rate of ESBL producers was observed.
Keyword :
AECOPD, Bacteriological, Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria.