Abstract :
The life on earth is based on cells and cell is the basic unit of life. Every cell has nucleus, which includes super coiled structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome contains double stranded DNA, being linearly arranged throughout the chromosomes. This DNA contains genetic information, which asserts the phenotypic characters by the aid of its genetic code present all along the structure of the DNA. The DNA of an organism is a derivative DNA from both the mother and father, but unlike the mitochondrial DNA, which is exclusively maternal.1 DNA stands for deoxyribosenucleic acid2, which is the biological blueprint of every life. DNA is made-up of a double standard structure consisting of a deoxyribose sugar and phosphate backbone, cross-linked with two types of nucleic acids referred to as adenine and guanine, purines and thymine and cytosine pyrimidines. The most important role of DNA profile3 is in the identification, such as an individual and his blood relations such as mother, father, brother, and so on. DNA usually can be obtained from any biological material such as blood, semen, saliva, hair, skin, bones, etc. More than half a century, samples of human DNA began to be used in the criminal justice system. 4 This genetic DNA living organism can serve the purpose of administration of justice, by facilitating the Courts of law the necessary evidence to adjudicate upon matters involving generally the Paternity/Maternity disputes, Sexual Assault cases, identification of the deceased, cases of murder, matters of Biological relationships5 and recently even to the cases of adulteration of seeds.
Keyword :
EVIDENCE