Abstract :
Background: Antepartum haemorrhage (APH) is haemorrhage in or inside the genital tract after 28th weeks of pregnancy but before the delivery of baby. There are two main types of APH i.e. ‘placenta praevia’, ‘abruptio placentae’ and others are unexplained or extra-placental and local causes.
Objective: Aim of our study was to know the different causes of APH along with foeto-maternal outcome.
Materials and Methods: This observational study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital during the period of January, 2019 to December, 2019 i.e. the period of one year. Women with more than 28th weeks of gestation and presenting with bleeding per vagina were our study subject. Demographic data, cause of bleeding, mode of delivery and foetomaternal outcomes were tabulated. From the descriptive data, percentages, proportions and significance were calculated by using SPSS software of 24th version.
Results: 112 women were studied, which was actually 1.2% of total delivered women in the study period. Study showed placenta praevia and abruptio placentae were 54.5% and 35.7% respectively as a cause of APH. It was seen that incidence of APH increased with age and parity and associated past history of uterine operations. Study showed adverse foetomaternal outcome was more prevalent in APH in the form of postpartum haemorrhage, retained placenta, puerperal infection, coagulation failure and preterm birth, neonatal jaundice, foetal asphyxia, sepsis and increased perinatal and maternal mortality.
Conclusion: Women with past history of uterine operation have an increased risk of developing APH. Women with APH has to be considered as high risk pregnancy and needs institutional supervision.
Keyword :
Antepartum haemorrhage, Placenta praevia, Abruptio placentae, Past uterine operation, Foetomaternal outcome.