Abstract :
Aim: To study various risk factors (HbA1c levels, dyslipidemia, stroke, smoking, cardiovascular disease, nephropathy and use of pioglitazones) associated with Diabetic Macular Edema in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Materials and Methods: A total of 110 patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus of age group 30-70 years and both sexes participated in this study. Association between risk factors and diabetic macular edema was studied in analytical cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital of Western Maharashtra.
Results: Median of HbA1c in patients with macular odema was 8.15(7.8-8.925) which was significantly higher than patients without macular odema 6.4(6-6.825). Mean LDL(mg/dL) in patients without macular odema was 99.1 ± 32.96 and patients with macular odema was 113.29 ± 32.35. Significant association was seen in the distribution of HbA1c(p
with macular odema. No significant association of stroke, smoking, cardiovascular disease and distribution of nephropathy with macular odema was found.(p value>.05)
Conclusion: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, multiple factors such as elevated HbA1c levels, LDL and use of pioglitazones were significant risk factors associated with Diabetic Macular Edema(DME). Also as many of the risk factors are modifiable, ophthalmologists and physicians should ensure that patients with DME receive appropriate assessment and treatment for these comorbidities.
Keyword :
Diabetic macular edema, Risk factors, Type 2 diabetes mellitus.