Abstract :
Because of their promising biological properties and structural versatility, benzoyl glycine, also referred to as hippuric acid, and its derivatives have garnered a lot of interest in medicinal chemistry. Novel pharmacopoeias can be created by conjugating glycine with benzoyl groups to create compounds that are easily modified at the aromatic ring and amino acid moiety. Benzoyl glycine derivatives have been synthesized using a variety of methods, such as the traditional Schotten–Baumann reaction (benzoyl chloride with glycine in an alkaline environment), direct acylation, and more recent environmentally friendly methods that use solvent-free or enzymatic catalysis. It has been demonstrated that structural alterations to the benzoyl ring, especially those involving electron-withdrawing substituents like nitro, halogen, and chloro groups, greatly increase antibacterial activity. These derivatives have been shown to be effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains, including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, when screened for bacteria using common assays like agar well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests. All things considered, benzoyl glycine derivatives are a useful scaffold for designing antibacterial drugs, and additional refinement through sensible substitution might yield promising leads for the fight against antibiotic resistance.
Keyword :
Benzoyl glycine derivatives, Hippuric acid, Enzymatic catalysis, Green chemistry synthesis, Structure–activity relationship (SAR), Antibacterial activity, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Electron-withdraw