Abstract :
New antimicrobial agents are in greater demand as a result of the rise of bacterial strains that are resistant to antibiotics. The wide range of biological activity and ease of structural modification of pyrimidine derivatives, especially 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyrimidines, have attracted a lot of interest. Here, we describe the synthesis of a number of 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyrimidine compounds using cyclization processes and stepwise condensation with ?-dicarbonyl compounds and suitable amidine derivatives. Using spectral methods like mass spectrometry, NMR, and FT-IR, structural characterization was verified. The antibacterial activity of the produced compounds can be assessed against strains of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. With minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) that were on par with those of common medications like ampicillin and ciprofloxacin, a number of derivatives showed encouraging antibacterial activity. The findings indicate the possibility of trisubstituted pyrimidines as lead scaffolds for upcoming antimicrobial medication development by indicating that structural change at the 2,4,6-positions considerably influences antibacterial potency.
Keyword :
2,4,6-Trisubstituted pyrimidines, Pyrimidine derivatives, Antibacterial activity, Chalcone intermediates, Cyclocondensation, Structure–activity relationship (SAR); Antibiotic resistance