Abstract :
Pulmonary infections, including pneumonia, tuberculosis, and COVID-19, are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality, presenting significant challenges due to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), environmental factors, and emerging pathogens. These infections strain healthcare systems worldwide, demanding innovative solutions to improve outcomes and reduce the burden of disease (Global Burden of Disease Study Collaborators, 2020; Ferkol & Schraufnagel, 2014). This article synthesizes secondary research to explore transformative advancements in pharmaceutical science aimed at revolutionizing pulmonary care. Recent breakthroughs include targeted therapies, hostdirected treatments, and nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems, which offer enhanced efficacy, precision, and reduced side effect (Nguyen et al., 2022; Elborn, 2016). AI-driven diagnostics and rapid point-ofcare testing have revolutionized the speed and accuracy of pathogen detection, enabling timely and effective interventions (Zumla et al., 2014; Holmes et al., 2017). Preventive strategies, such as mRNA vaccine platforms and monoclonal antibodies, have demonstrated promise in mitigating disease spread and severity (Pardi et al., 2018). Meanwhile, environmental interventions targeting air quality improvements address underlying contributors to respiratory infections (Lelieveld et al., 2015). Despite these advancements, significant barriers remain. High costs, regulatory complexities, and ethical considerations pose challenges to the widespread implementation of these innovations (Paul et al., 2021). Additionally, disparities in healthcare access, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, limit the equitable distribution of these technologies (Prakash et al., 2022; Lopez et al., 2006). This study emphasizes the need for global collaboration to overcome these obstacles, ensuring that advancements are accessible and scalable. By leveraging cutting-edge therapies, diagnostic tools, and preventive strategies, the healthcare community has the potential to achieve a paradigm shift in pulmonary care. Addressing these challenges is essential to realizing the full potential of these innovations and improving outcomes for millions affected by pulmonary infections globally.
Keyword :
Pulmonary infections, Anti-microbial resistance (AMR), Nanotechnology, AI-driven diagnostics, Targeted therapies, Host-directed treatments, Drug delivery systems, Preventive strategies, mRNA vaccines, Global health.