Abstract :
Introduction: Acute leukemia are characterized by clonal expansion of immature myeloid or lymphoid
precursors (blasts). The blasts cells are known to replace the normal hematopoietic tissues and to invade
other organs of the body as well. Anemia, hemorrhage and infections occurring due to bone marrow failure
are the top three complications of acute leukemia & chronic leukemia.
Materials and Methods: In this study the various types of leukaemia distribution carried out at tertiary
care Hospital among various ethnic groups, in terms of types, age, sex. This retrospective study over a
five years period between January 2014 to December 2018, carried out in the department of Pathology, at
tertiary care Hospital. Diagnosis was done with the help of peripheral blood count, peripheral blood smear
and bone marrow examination for morphology along with cytochemistry study whenever required. FAB
classification is followed in the present study.
Results: Different patterns of acute leukemia were reported, in the present study. According to
haematological parameters, following cases of acute leukemia 128 cases (69.18%), & chronic leukemia
of 55 cases (29.72 %) were reported. Also 47 cases (25.40%) & 8 cases (4.32%) were reported as CML &
CLL respectively.
Conclusions: The present study showed that AML is more common than ALL. It is observed that ALL is
more common ly seen in children. The incidence of AML is higher in adults in comparison to children and
decreases towards older age.
Keyword :
Leukaemia, Bone marrow, Cytochemistry, Haematological.