Abstract :
In this study, Kemal Tahir's thoughts on Marxism and socialism are discussed in comparison
with the left orthodoxy of the 1960s. The main motivating factor for the study is that Kemal
Tahir's distinctive features from the orthodoxy of the period in terms of his thoughts on
Marxism and socialism and the emphasis on his criticism will make an important contribution
to the literature. Therefore, it focuses on the question “What are the features that differentiate
Kemal Tahir's view of Marxism and socialism from his contemporary intellectuals?”. Due to
the characteristics of his intellectual heritage, the study has been prepared through the
literature review based on careful examination of primary sources and the comparative
method that provides determining the context of the data. The main argument put forward by
the study is that what makes Kemal Tahir original and different in terms of his thoughts and
criticisms is his understanding of Marxism in particular, and of science or scientific way of
thinking in general sense. From the point of the socialist thoughts and movements, this study
that presents the left orthodoxy of the 1960s on issues such as Marxism, socialism, society, the
issue of development, the strategy of power and the envisioned socialist order within a
theoretical and conceptual framework consisting of “high modernism”, “scientism” and
“political religions” contains the ideas of the party and opinion leaders of the three most
representative and influential formations of the 1960s: Turkish Labour Party, National
Democratic Revolution Movement and Yön (Destination) Movement. While Kemal Tahir's
thoughts differ from these formations at some certain points, it should also be emphasized that
despite all its differences, they have a paradigmatic similarity with the orthodoxy of the period
in terms of her modernization strategy based on the distinction between culture and
civilization.
Keyword :
Sociology Kemal Tahir Marxism Socialism Society