Abstract :
There are about 40% of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes will
develop diabetic nephropathy (DN), resulting in chronic kidney disease
and potential organ failure. During the progression and development of
DN, chronic elevated blood glucose (hyperglycaemia) together with
glomerular hypertension leads to renal inflammation, progressive
glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis resulting in organ
failure. Genetic variants at a biomarker level could allow the detection
of those individuals at high risk for diabetic nephropathy which could
thus help in the treatment, diagnosis and early prevention of the disease.
Current genome-wide relationship scans have recognized a number of
chromosomal regions that possible include diabetic nephropathy susceptibility genes, and association analyses have
evaluated positional applicant genes under these relation peaks. The possibility of increasing diabetic nephropathy is
recovered several times by inheriting risk alleles at susceptibility loci of dissimilar genes like GST (glutathione-Stransferase), TCF (Transcription factor), ELMO1 (Engulfment and Cell Motility 1), IL-10 (Interleukin-10) and
TRPC1 (transient receptor potential channel 1). The identification of these genetic variants at a biomarker level could
thus, allow the detection of those individuals at high risk for diabetic nephropathy which could thus help in the
treatment, diagnosis and early prevention of the disease.
Keyword :
Diabetes mellitus, Hyperglycemia, Diabetic nephropathy, Genetics, Biomarker, Genome-wide linkage