The International Journal on Emerging Trends in Mechanical & Production Engineering has been conceptualized for effective dissemination and promulgation of original research in all fields of Mechanical and Production Engineering. With a relentless pursuit of excellence, it aims at providing immaculate and superior research material, thus fostering the spirit of non-conformity, experimentation and de novo intellection among researchers in different parts of the world. IJETMPE strives ardently to present inceptive, innovative and invaluable research developments, both application oriented and theoretical, in all possible domains of Mechanical and Production Engineering to a broad audience of academic researchers and industry practitioners in all major faculties - research and development, management, strategic planning, purchasing, design & styling, marketing, human resources etc. Ingeniousness and research impaction are the main parameters for evaluation of theoretical papers. Applications based on advanced theory and case studies aid in bridging the gap between theory and practice, and are particularly welcome. General approaches, formalisms, algorithms or techniques should be complemented with lucid illustrations allowing easy comprehension and subsequent suitable applicability. Although the main emphasis of IJETMPE is on original research papers, theoretical and integrative review articles, book reviews, and high-quality position papers are also published to keep readers up-to-date on the latest ideas, designs, and developments in these allied fields. Special review articles will be granted consideration based on the stage of evolvement of their respective fields. Although there is no restriction on the length of contributions, brevity will always be preferred. Brief articles will merit attention depending on their technical proficiency. Discussions of previously published papers are also welcome. Focus & Scope The focus and scope of International Journal on Emerging Trends in Mechanical & Production Engineering has been divided into the following two categories: Mechanical Engineering Advanced Mechanical Engineering and Technology Acoustics and Noise Advanced Fluid Mechanics Advanced Manufacturing Process Aerodynamics Aerothermodynamics Applied FEM for Industries Automotive Engineering Component Manufacturing Computer Aided Engineering Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Composite Materials and Engineering Computational Methods in Mechanical Engineering Design and Drafting Design of Machine Element Energy Studies Engineering Education Engines and Turbines Fatigue in Aircraft Structures Fatigue of Machinery Components Fluidised Bed Combustion Fracture Mechanics Handling of Particulate Solids Heat Exchangers Industrial Fluid Power and Control Industrial Waste Treatment and Management Lubrication and Wear Large Scale Scientific Computation Machine Design Machine Drawing Manufacturing Technology Mechanical Measurements Materials Science Mechatronics Modelling and Simulation Mobile Robotics Matrix Computation Modern Tools and Mechanics Micro Electro - Mechanical Systems (MEMS) Metal Cutting and Forming Photovoltaic and Fuel Cell Technology Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Robotics and Robot Applications Robotics: Advanced Concepts and Analysis Solar Energy Solid State Devices Structural Analysis Thermodynamics and Thermo – Science Turbulent Shear Flows Vacuum Science and Techniques Valves and Controls Vibration and Control Engineering Production Engineering Advanced Production Technologies Advance Industrial Research Additive Manufacturing Processes Artificial Intelligence in Production Assembly Systems Automation Applications of Fuzzy Theory in Industrial Engineering Applications of Stochastic Models in Industrial Engineering Computer-Integrated Manufacturing Computer Aided Manufacturing Cutting and Forming Processes Decision Support Systems Discrete Systems and Methodology E-Manufacturing E-Business and E-Commerce Evolutionary Computation in Production Fuzzy Systems Facilities Design and/or Work Space Design Flexible Manufacturing System Facilities Planning and Management Global Manufacturing and Management Human Factor Engineering, Ergonomics Industrial Engineering Industrial Processes Industrial Robotics Intelligent Manufacturing Systems Inventory Management Knowledge Management Machine Learning in Production Manufacturing Systems Materials Sciences, Multidisciplinary Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics Material Management Modelling and Simulation Numerical Techniques Operations Research and Decision-Making Models Operations Management Operations Planning, Scheduling and Control Optimisation Techniques Project Management Production Planning and Inventory Control Productivity Improvement Production Planning & Control Quality Management Risk and Uncertainty Reliability & Maintenance Self-Organising Systems Supply Chain Management & Logistic Safety, Security and Risk Management Simulation & Stochastic Models Systems Modelling and Simulation Statistical Process Control or Quality Control Virtual Reality in Production